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It is the metabolite of serotonin. In the urine, its dosage will also reflect the production of intestinal serotonin, which is much more important than brain production.
When 5-HIAA is low, this represents a risk context for depression, irritability and aggression.
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8OHDG is one of the biomarkers of oxidative stress.
Increased urinary levels reflect oxidative stress at the DNA level.
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8-OH2DG is the marker of oxidative stress at the DNA level.
DNA oxidation results in the formation and accumulation of 8-OH-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH2DG) fragments within the DNA which can cause mutations.
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The Status of Erythrocyte Fatty Acids makes it possible to identify all the fatty acids in the blood: saturated, trans, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
the balance of these fats in the blood is a reflection of good health and allows, through the excess or deficiency of some of them, to identify certain inflammatory symptoms or cardiovascular risks.
This Status thus gives the possibility of correcting certain dietary fat intakes, or even supplementing with certain fatty acids.
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The role of ACTH is to stimulate the adrenal glands to secrete cortisol.
When cortisol levels are high enough, ACTH production stops.
It also regulates the secretion of adrenaline and therefore makes you more resistant to stress, more vigilant and attentive. It improves concentration, clarifies ideas and revives memory
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Aldosterone is a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal gland, playing a vital role in maintaining the body's sodium-potassium balance and in regulating blood pressure. It allows the kidney to reabsorb sodium and eliminate potassium.
Aldosterone also regulates blood pressure balance, especially during the day when standing, and improves blood circulation. It also helps to stimulate and increase blood pressure in people who have to stand for a long time or face stress.
Deficiency symptoms include urinating very often during the day, loving salty foods, low blood pressure, dizziness when getting up in the morning, or only feeling good when lying down.
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The most frequent cases of aluminum poisoning have been observed in people exposed to high doses of aluminum: professionals in factories producing this metal, people with kidney failure on dialysis.
It results in damage to the brain or bones, or even, in the long term, the appearance of lung or bladder cancer.
Concerning the general population, exposure is essentially dietary (food, drinks, aluminum culinary utensils), cosmetic (particularly deodorants but not only) and therapeutic (certain medications). Indeed, an important source of aluminum is found in certain heartburn medications: antacids and stomach dressings.
When absorbed in excess, aluminum is toxic to brain cells and can cause encephalopathy (brain diseases), as well as mental or movement disorders.
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Androstanediol-Glucuronide is the marker of peripheral metabolism DHT (Di HydroTestosterone).
Androstanediol glucuronide is the main androgen elimination derivative. It is therefore, due to its better stability, preferable to evaluate it rather than DHT.
It increases during hyperandrogenization (hirsutism, PCOS syndrome).
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LDL are the blood components most sensitive to oxidative stress and are involved in the development of atherosclerosis.
LDL oxidation is induced by free radicals. After this oxidation phase, making LDL atherogenic, autoantibodies are produced. These autoantibodies are the result of an individual's long-term exposure to oxidative stress.
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Chronic arsenic poisoning causes numerous health problems: cardiovascular disorders, risk of cancer, autistic disorders, diabetes. Oxidative Stress induced by arsenic is major and its negative impact on mitochondria is well demonstrated.
Arsenic contamination can occur mainly through water and excessive consumption of rice.
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Beta Carotene is the precursor of Vitamin A.
Its antioxidant role is exceptional.
It protects the skin from damage caused by the sun, helps maintain good vision and good intercellular communication.
Its deficiency is most often due to a low consumption of colorful fruits and vegetables.
If it is increased with low vitamin A it is most often a sign of poor vitamin A conversion. This is why it is recommended to check both vitamin A and Beta Carotene.
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Cadmium toxicity has been demonstrated in numerous studies, including impacts on bone metabolism, kidneys, blood pressure, diabetes, hormonal balance, inflammation and mitochondrial function.
It is mainly found in tobacco, among large consumers of seafood and chocolate and in professional exposure to welding.
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There are 6 carotenoids: beta carotene, alpha carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin.
They are powerful antioxidants.
Lutein and zeaxynthin are essential for eye health, lycopene prevents prostate, endometrial, breast and lung cancers, and also prevents LDL oxidation.
Alpha carotene reduces the chances of developing certain cancers and cardiovascular diseases.
Finally, beta-cryptoxanthin is attributed an interest in the prevention of certain pathologies such as degenerative diseases, osteoporosis, or even certain forms of cancer.
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Chromium is an essential trace element for our body. It is considered in biology as a bioregulatory trace element. The amount of chromium stored decreases with age.
It is a major constituent of the Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF), which regulates blood sugar by activating insulin, it prevents conditions linked to a disruption of carbohydrate metabolism (diabetes, hypoglycemia), stabilizes the level of carbohydrates in the blood (suppresses the desire to snack on sweets between meals), acts on lipid metabolism (reduces lipogenesis), prevents the loss of lean body mass (during a low-calorie diet).
It lowers LDL and increases HDL, facilitates fat loss. It prevents lipid deposits in the arteries.
Pregnant women are predisposed to developing a deficiency because the fetus uses it very large quantities.
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Co Q10 is above all an essential link in the production of energy which the body needs at all levels: cellular, organic and muscular.
It is a cardiovascular protector, and has a rejuvenating effect on the muscles (Type 2 fast-twitch fibers).
It reduces the number of muscle microlesions and improves performance and improves the symptoms of fatigue.
It improves male fertility (sperm quality).
Finally, it strengthens the immune response and the fight against cancer.
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The determination of urinary free cortisol constitutes an excellent test to validate hypercortisolemia.
When cortisol production increases, urinary free cortisol increases relatively further.
Which makes it a sensitive and specific parameter for assessing hypercortisolemia.
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CRPus or Ultra Sensitive Creatine Phosphorus Kinase has demonstrated the benefit of its dosage during “low noise” inflammation, particularly in the assessment of cardiovascular risk but also of the intestinal ecosystem.
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Copper is an antioxidant mineral essential for the synthesis of several proteins (collagen, melanin, elastic), hemoglobin, phospholipids, hormones, and contributes to the quality of cartilage. It regulates neurotransmitters, the thyroid and adrenal systems.
It participates in the formation of the myelin sheath, helps in the production of SOD (Super Oxide Dimustase), intervenes in iron metabolism, and has an anti-viral, infectious and microbial action.
A deficiency can cause joint pain, rheumatoid arthritis, growth disorders in children and reduced immunity.
Excess copper is rare and can be a sign of depressive anxiety disorders.
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Diamine oxidase (DAO) degrades histamine. DAO is found in most cells, but is especially active in the intestine. The determi- nation of diamine oxidase plays an important role in the diagnos- tics of histamine intolerance.
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DHEA or Dehydroepiandrosterone is a hormone mainly produced by the adrenal glands located above the kidneys.
DHEA plays a dual role in the human body. On the one hand, secreted into the blood at the same time as cortisol, it protects against the harmful effects of this hormone (excess catabolism). On the other hand, it exerts distinct effects, direct and indirect, on tissues by transforming into other hormones: it strengthens them (anabolism) or stimulates them (immunity).
Its properties are multiple, notably concerning: fatigue, muscle strength and volume, mood, stress management, libido, fertility, memory, skin, sleep, cholesterol and immunity.
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Dopamine is a neurotransmitter essential to our physical and mental balance. It causes a boost of energy in the body and faster functioning of the brain.
It directly influences the proper functioning of the waking brain. It is the intensity with which the brain responds to a stimulus, motor or sensory, and therefore its ability to correctly transmit all information.
A deficit can lead to physical problems (anemia, joint pain, reduced libido, snacking on sweets, diabetes, etc.), personality problems (aggression, anger, depression, self-destructive thoughts, withdrawal, pessimism, etc...), and memory and attention problems (poor concentration, inability to complete a task, lack of attention, etc.,)
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GABA or Gamma-AminoButyric Acid has a soothing, stabilizing effect on the brain. It prevents you from being overexcited and, therefore, inefficient.
What characterizes this neurotransmitter is stability as well as coherence, sociability, and altruism. When GABA production is good, problems creep up on you in all circumstances.
GABA directly affects your personality and determines how you deal with the stress of your daily life. As soon as it runs out, this rhythm goes into overdrive and you become anxious, nervous and irritable.
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We all make glutathione, primarily in the liver. The latter depends entirely on glutathione to filter and eliminate toxins.
Links have been established between high levels of oxidative stress and Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and even cancer.
Without glutathione, our body is not able to make enough white blood cells to fight infections.
Studies also showed that centenarians produced significantly more glutathione than people who were not blessed with as much vitality and longevity.
It protects the liver cell, protects cells against the toxic effects of heavy metals, participates in the vitamin C regeneration cycle.
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GPX is one of the oxidative enzymes whose activity is measured in red blood cells.
GPX Analysis allows us to see if our antioxidant defenses are good.
Its role is important in regulating cellular metabolism.
It is activated by glutathione and works in duo with SOD (Super Oxide Dimustase).
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All proteins in the blood undergo a biochemical reaction with glucose called glycation.
Hemoglobin is also impacted by this glycation process: it is then called Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c).
The higher the blood sugar level over several weeks, the higher the HbA1c.
More precisely, Glycated Hemoglobin assesses blood sugar levels over the last 2 to 3 months preceding the blood test.
It therefore makes it possible to give a more precise indication of blood sugar levels.
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Homocysteine ​is an amino acid which ​is a functional indicator of a type of reaction essential to our life: methylation reactions.
It is a waste product of the body, harmful when it accumulates in the liver.
Hyperhomocysteinemia is toxic to endothelial cells and neurons, and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, depression, repeated miscarriages, endocrine disorders, and cancers.
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It is the metabolite of dopamine, produced mainly in the brain. Its urinary dosage is specifically linked to dopaminergic neuron activity. A drop in this metabolite indicates, on the contrary, dopaminergic over-stimulation with agitation and excitement.
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The HOMA index measures insulin resistance.
A HOMA greater than 2.5 confirms insulin resistance and predicts progression towards type 2 diabetes.
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Insulin is secreted by the pancreas whose main role is to regulate the level of glucose in the blood (hypoglycemic).
There are multiple deficiency symptoms: diffuse thinness (thin bones/muscles), signs of dehydration (dry mouth), fatigue, lack of tone and vitality, drowsiness during the day, craving for sweets and lack of appetite for other foods, digestive disorders with abdominal bloating and difficulty of assimilation, persistent thirst, need to urinate often and a lot, cardiovascular problems, poor tissue regeneration, vulnerability to infections.
In case of excess insulin we will observe: overweight, obesity, swelling, excessive accumulation of fat, rounded and swollen face, dry skin, fatigue, drowsiness, violent hunger attacks (sweet).
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Iodine is an essential trace element in the production of thyroid hormones.
Iodine deficiency is a major cause of hypothyroidism with the following symptoms: mental and physical fatigue, mental fog, nervousness, constipation, digestive disorders, migraines.
Optimum iodine levels are also important for good fertility, in pregnant women for optimal nervous development of the fetus and also in prevention of breast, testicular, prostate and stomach cancer.
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LBP or Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein are cytokines released by white blood cells in the intestinal wall.
LBP is a good marker of gram-negative bacterial load but also of intestinal permeability and barrier function.
A high level of LBP reflects dysbiosis with proliferation of gram negative bacteria but also excessive passage
bacterial antigen, toxins due to barrier function defects (intestinal permeability).
An increased circulating LBP level is quantitatively correlated with cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory and neuropsychiatric risk.
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Lipoprotein (a) is a molecule that transports cholesterol and contains an LDL molecule. In a healthy body, Lp(a) does not pose a problem. It circulates and performs repairs and restorations in damaged blood vessels. The problem arises when more and more repairs need to be made to the arteries. In this scenario, Lp(a) concentrates at the damaged areas, attaches itself to the wall of the damaged blood vessel, releases its LDL and begins to promote the deposition of oxidized LDL in the wall, generating over time more inflammation then, more plaque.
Additionally, Lp(a) promotes the formation of blood clots in newly formed plaque, further reducing the inner diameter of blood vessels.
A high concentration of Lp(a) is therefore an important cardiovascular risk factor.
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Magnesium is the 4th most important mineral in the body after calcium, sodium and potassium.
The analysis of erythrocyte magnesium is preferable to that of plasma because of its higher content in red blood cells.
More than 600 enzymes have magnesium as a co-factor and the most common symptoms of a deficiency are: chronic fatigue, leg cramps, eyelid fascisations, sleep disorders, anxiety, vulnerability to stress.
Stress being more and more present in the current pace of life, it shows an almost general deficiency of the population.
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Although we need it in small quantities, manganese is essential in many functions of the body as diverse as they are essential: it participates in the metabolism of carbohydrates and vitamins B1, B8, and C, it activates SOD (Super Oxide Dimustase), activates the enzyme allowing the synthesis of cholesterol, participates in the synthesis of breast milk, promotes the growth and healing of cartilage, makes arterial tissue more resistant to the formation of plaques, and promotes the reduction of triglycerides and LDL. Finally, it acts on the psychological disturbances of elderly people (loss of memory, drop in intellectual tone, confusion, depressive states) by preserving the nervous system.
In the event of a deficiency, loss of muscular coordination, dermatitis, tinnitus, dizziness, epilepsy, reduction in cholesterol, prolonged clotting time, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, ovarian and testicular degeneration may occur.
In case of excess, we observe anorexia, memory loss, hallucinations, insomnia, tremors, muscle pain.
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Melatonin or 6-Hydroxy-Melatonin Sulfate is a neurohormone secreted both in the pineal gland and in the retina of the eye.
Often called the sleep hormone, it is also known as a real regulator of our internal clock. It stores and converts all the information it receives and maintains the body's biological calendar (start of winter, times of day, etc.) which adjusts accordingly (spikes in appetite, feeling of sleep).
It is synthesized from a neurotransmitter, Serotonin, which itself derives from Tryptophan, an essential amino acid.
Among its main properties we find: sleep-wake regulation, appetite stimulant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cytokines, antioxidant role, promotes good awakening in the morning (activates thyroid hormones), role on the psyche (anxiolytic effect), on the Immune system and libido (acts in synergy with sexual hormones).
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The environmental presence of mercury is very significant: fatty fish, dental amalgams, vaccines. It remains stored for 20 years in the brain and thus particularly affects the nervous system by causing: cognitive deficit, attention and memory problems, depression, fatigue, insomnia, irritability, headaches.
The cardiovascular system is also impacted. In the new cell, it impacts mitochondrial functioning, generating strong oxidative stress and fatigue.
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Molybdenum is one of the essential trace elements. It is only present in the body in very small quantities (8 to 10 mg).
It plays an essential role in the metabolism of certain amino acids and carbohydrates, it helps in the elimination of sulphites (detoxification) and in the production of hemoglobin.
It also plays a role in preventing cavities, reduces the risk of gastrointestinal cancer and fights against excessive copper accumulation.
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Estradiol is part of a group of estrogen hormones (estradiol, estrone, estriol) which ensures the feminization of the body and the fertility of women. They give female sexual characteristics. Estradiol being the most active, it is this hormone that it is useful to check.
In men it is essentially the result of the conversion of part of their testosterone, even if the testicles and adrenal glands synthesize small quantities.
In women, the interest in its dosage lies mainly in the search for a deficit, in men it will be for a possible excess.
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Pregnenolone is produced in the adrenals, gonads (ovary and testes), liver, skin, brain cells and the peripheral nervous system from cholesterol using converting enzymes.
It is the precursor of the entire family of steroid hormones and is therefore very powerful due to its broad spectrum of action.
Its properties are multiple: increases GABA levels, anti-inflammatory, mental acuity, anti-fatigue, anti-Stress, feeling of well-being, brain stimulant, memory, lowering cholesterol, anti-depressant.
Despite its natural abundance, like all hormones, it becomes rarer with advancing age
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Progesterone is produced in women by the ovaries, adrenals and the brain. In humans by the adrenals and the brain.
Also in men, it lowers SHBG, the testosterone binding protein. When SHBG increases it means a decrease in the effectiveness of testosterone because it makes it unavailable to its receptors.
It also seems to have a favorable action on the prostate which it protects from hypertrophy. In addition, it opposes the development of breasts in men and prevents coronary thrombosis.
In women, it promotes the elimination of water and strengthens the circulatory system, has a calming and stabilizing effect on brain functions, facilitates sleep, strengthens bones, supports the uterine wall, reduces the male hormone androgen, protects against breast and endometrial cancer.
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Prolactin triggers the maintenance of lactation and plays a role in fertility.
It is dosed in women, in the face of a cycle disorder and/or galactorrhea, and in men in the face of libido, erection disorders or gynecomastia.
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Selenium is a little-known mineral. It is part of the composition of 25 proteins (scleroproteins) which have antioxidant properties.
Among its main properties, it has a preventive effect on prostate and breast cancers, protects against the toxic effects of heavy metals, it inhibits the formation of anti-TPO antibodies (Hashimoto), it limits neurodegenerative diseases, stimulates the immune system, it has a bactericidal and virucidal action, it reduces inflammation (CRP), and serves as a transformation of T4 into T3.
Its deficiency causes gestational diabetes, hypothyroidism, hypercholesterolemia, heart failure, pancreatic insufficiency and hepatic disorders, male sterility, infections, muscle pain, muscular dystrophies, mental retardation, cataracts, growth disorders, premature aging and cancer.
In excess, it can cause bad breath, nausea, fatigue or irritability, excessive hair loss, brittle nails, extreme dryness of the skin, joint pain, discoloration and loss of teeth.
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Serotonin helps synchronize the brain to start off on the right foot each morning.
It acts on the ability to recover to regenerate and find serenity. It is at night during sleep that serotonin allows the brain to rebalance.
It also controls irrepressible urges to eat.
When there is a deficit, the brain's ability to regenerate is compromised. A depletion of serotonin reserves can occur after too strong an emotion or a lack of sleep. Ideas are no longer clear.
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SHBG or Sex Hormone Binding Globulin is the transport protein for testosterone and estradiol in the blood.
It plays a role in regulating these hormones. In fact, the higher the SHBG, the more the free fraction of these hormones will be available for the target receptor.
SHBG is synthesized in the liver and increases under the influence of estrogens, thyroid hormones and progesterone.
Conversely, it is reduced by androgens, insulin, glucocorticoids and progestins.
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SOD is an antioxidant enzyme naturally present in all living organisms. It is produced from cells throughout life, but its production slows down as we age.
The main function of SOD is to trap free radicals in order to fight cellular aging and the health disorders associated with it.
It thus has anti-inflammatory properties, improves physical fatigue and muscle recovery, fights against hyperpigmentation, aggression, skin aging, mental and physical fatigue. It reduces stress and sleep disorders while improving concentration and memorization.
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Insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a hormone similar in structure to insulin and works with growth hormone to reproduce and regenerate cells.
Growth hormone, made by the pituitary gland, stimulates the liver to produce IGF-1 and this then stimulates the growth of cells throughout the body, leading to growth and development (such as in the uterus and during adolescence), tissue strengthening (improved bone density, muscle building) and healing (skin, bones, intestinal mucosa, etc.), depending on the body's needs.
Longevity Medicine considers it to be one of the anti-aging hormones. In this sense, it is correlated with greater telomere length in healthy subjects of all ages and in elderly men.
IGF-1 increases glutathione peroxidase, an important antioxidant enzyme.
IGF-1 is also important for building muscle and reducing muscle loss due to aging and disease.
Higher levels of IGF-1 are associated with greater bone mineral density in older women. IGF-1 is known to be a direct promoter of bone growth.
It is also the most powerful stimulator of collagen biosynthesis and can help prevent skin aging.
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Free T3 or triiodothyronine is the only thyroid hormone active at the receptor level.
Only 20% of the T3 circulating in the blood is produced by the thyroid. The rest, or 80%, results from the transformation of T4 into T3 by the liver.
It therefore makes it possible to assess hypothyroidism more precisely than T4 in addition to clinical signs.
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T3 Reverse is the inactive T3 hormone. Naturally produced by conversion of T4 by the liver, its dosage is of interest in order to check hypothyroidism by excess conversion of T4 and T3 reverse. Indeed, the latter can increase when there is a deficiency in vitamin A, omega 3 or dysbiosis, but also in cases of hyperthyroidism, leptin resistance in overweight people, or in low-calorie diets.
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The urine analysis of free T3 better reflects the behavior of the Thyroid because it varies throughout the day. In addition, they correlate well with the classics of hypothyroidism.
The analysis of this value does not replace that of the blood test but becomes essential when the blood tests do not detect anything abnormal although the signs of hypothyroidism are present.
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Free T4 or Thyroxine is the thyroid hormone produced by the Thyroid (90%).
It is not active and is transformed by the liver into free T3, the only active hormone.
Its deficiency may be a sign of hypothyroidism and/or iodine deficiency.
It is an additional essential value for evaluating hyper or hypothyroidism in addition to clinical signs.
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The urine analysis of free T4 better reflects the behavior of the Thyroid because it varies throughout the day. In addition, they correlate well with the classics of hypothyroidism.
The analysis of this value does not replace that of the blood test but becomes essential when the blood tests do not detect anything abnormal although the signs of hypothyroidism are present.
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Free Testosterone represents the quantity of this hormone which is not bound to transport proteins (SHBG and Albumin).
It is therefore this free part (2 to 3% of total testosterone in men and 1% in women) which remains active at the receptor level. It is therefore this testosterone which provides more information on the ability to build muscle. RIA Method
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Vitamin A or Retinol is a fat-soluble substance which has numerous properties: it facilitates the metabolism of vitamin D, stimulates the immune system, promotes wound healing, improves skin diseases such as acne, psoriasis or impetigo, comes into play in the process of growth and formation of bones and cartilage, reduces premenstrual tension, promotes spermatogenesis, promotes better use of insulin, and essential for T3 to be able to regulate our genes.
A deficiency can lead to hypothyroidism, impaired night vision, dry skin and legs, skin disorders (acne, psoriasis), dry eyes, decreased immunity, testosterone, impaired development of the fetus.
An excess of Vitamin A may reflect liver failure.
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Vitamin B1 or Thiamine is the energy vitamin because it allows the transformation of carbohydrates into energy.
Its needs are therefore increased among athletes, the elderly, in cases of stress and pregnancy.
It is involved in the functioning of the nervous system (brain, spinal cord), combats heavy metal poisoning (cadmium, mercury, lead), strengthens the immune system and protects the cardiovascular system (diuretic effect).
Finally, it comes into play in the synthesis of neurotransmitters (dopamine, acetylcholine, GABA).
Its signs of deficiency can be observed by asthenia, anorexia, weight loss, irritability, memory problems, difficulty concentrating and pain when pressure is applied to the calf.
No risk of hypervitaminosis (the excess is eliminated through urine).
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Vitamin B12 is poorly synthesized by the body. Especially after 50 years old.
Its contribution is therefore almost exclusively exogenous. It is found in animal products.
This is the reason why vegetarians or vegans must pay particular attention to this vitamin, but also people on antacids, antibiotics, contraceptives, gastric hyposecretions and hypothyroidism.
In fact, low gastric acidity reduces the absorption of B12.
Its deficiency is primarily manifested by fatigue, loss of appetite, taste , anemia and neurotransmitter deficiency.
It is essential for energy metabolism (ATP production), improves sleep disorders, stimulates the immune system, improves muscle weakness and captures free radicals.
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Vitamin B6 or Pyridoxine is involved in many biochemical exchanges essential to life, the list of its benefits is therefore important.
It participates in the metabolism of amino acids and the synthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids and hemoglobin.
It promotes the assimilation of magnesium, participates in the transformation of Tryptophan into vitamin B3 (anti-stress action), stimulates the immune system and participates in the synthesis of neurotransmitters.
Deficiencies can manifest as fatigue, apathy, insomnia, depressive states, neuropathy, mouth ulcers/stomatitis and increased homocysteine.
In case of excess, nervous disorders may occur as well as tingling in the extremities (paresthesia).
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Vitamin B9 or folic acid is one of those we need most.
It participates in the formation of DNA, strengthens immunity, prevents abortions as well as postpartum depression and birth defects, reduces homocysteine, delays hair whitening, protects against intestinal parasites, participates in the synthesis of melatonin and neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin), and prevents cardiovascular accidents.
A deficiency can cause fatigue, depression, attention and memory disorders, neurodegenerative disease, sleep disorders, fetal malformation, digestive disorders and subfertility.
Too much without supplementing can be a sign of dysbiosis.
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Humans as well as primates and certain other species do not synthesize vitamin C or ascorbic acid. It is therefore essential on a daily basis.
It prevents the oxidation of LDL, improves resistance to infections, activates the synthesis of collagen in damaged tissues (helps healing).
Its anti-oxidant action (absorbs free radicals) is important, it also reduces the risk of cataracate and macular degeneration, acts on the maintenance of respiratory function.
At the hormonal level it participates in the synthesis of steroid hormones (adrenal) and catecholamines (dopamine, adrenaline, noradrenaline).
It reduces sensitivity to histamine (allergic phenomena, asthma), acts on the vessel wall (protection, construction, repair), prevents nocosomal diseases, increases HDL and reduces uric acid (in high doses)
Vitamin C is necessary for the absorption of Fe, increases exercise capacity and concentration, improves recovery after exercise, increases longevity, improves appetite and weight gain in the elderly.
It also has an antitoxic role (nitrates, cigarette smoke, alcohol, gasoline vapors, certain pesticides), improvement of sperm quality (viability, mobility, agglutination).
Vitamin C improves the effectiveness of cysteine ​​and increases the absorption of iron, zinc, and calcium. It is necessary for the synthesis of Carnitine.

Cases of deficiencies manifest themselves as fatigue, weight loss, discomfort, headaches, bone pain, bleeding from the
gums and nose, swelling of the lower limbs.

In case of excess supplementation of the synthetic form this can lead to states of excitement, nervousness, insomnia and diarrhea.
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Vitamin D OR 25-hydroxy-Vitamin D is an essential tool for our health capital.
It is above all the vitamin for good ossification. Indeed, it is essential for the metabolism and regulation of plasma calcium.
It reduces the inflammatory symptoms of intestinal disorders, promotes carbohydrate metabolism, slows the proliferation of cancer cells (prostates, breasts), and reduces arthritic pain.
Muscle performance is also directly linked to vitamin D levels. It acts on muscle contraction performance.
It would play a significant role in slowing the development of cardiovascular diseases, improving the quality of the heart muscle, to the point that it is recommended in post-infarction. It would also help control blood pressure and slow the development of heart failure.
All immune cells as well as the testes have vitamin D receptors.
It increases T lymphocytes and therefore reduces inflammation.
On the skin level it has a positive effect on atopic dermatitis, acne, vitiligo, wound healing, psoriasis, and shingles.
At the level of the brain, it has an effect on cognitive and emotional functions and an anti-depressive, anti-psychotic, “protective” action against Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and even dementia.
In terms of autoimmune diseases, it has a positive effect on vitiligo, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Guillain-Barré syndrome.
In the pancreas, vitamin D would be positive in cases of type 1 and 2 diabetes.
At the gynecological level it has a “protective” effect against pre-eclampsia, polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility.
It is now accepted that a whole series of pathologies are linked to or favored by its deficiency.
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Vitamin E is a vitamin composed of 4 tocopherol molecules and 4 tocotrienol molecules. Only alpha tocopherol is measured by the laboratories.
It is an antioxidant and protects cell membranes and blood lipids from oxidative stress. It prevents LDL from being deposited on the arterial walls, reduces LDL and increases HDL, it has a fluidifying action, improves respiratory function, relieves arthritic pain, and fights against anemia.
Finally, it reduces the probability of colon, cervical, lung, prostate and breast cancer.
Deficiencies are manifested by muscle exhaustion, skin and appendage disorders, blood circulation and hematological and ophthalmological problems.
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Zinc is a versatile mineral because it participates in the activity of more than 300 enzymes in the body. It is essential for the correct functioning of all cells in the body.
It is difficult to absorb especially with age.
Among its main functions, it participates in the synthesis of collagen and keratin, promotes the healing of wounds and burns, activates thymulin to fight infections, controls blood sugar, stimulates the cells of the pancreas to produce more insulin (increases insulin sensitivity), participates in the normal functioning of the prostate, contributes to olfactory and taste acuity, helps in the healing of gastrointestinal ulcers, prevents cataracts, participates in the synthesis of certain hormones.
A deficiency can lead to delayed growth, healing, reduced immune defenses, loss of taste and smell, stretch marks, acne, white spots on the nails, hypothyroidism, lack of dopamine, aromatization and lack of testosterone synthesis, subfertility.
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Zonulin is a molecule produced by intestinal cells and whose role is to regulate intestinal tight junctions.
When it is produced in too large a quantity, it will cause the tight junctions to loosen.
Repeated and prolonged relaxation of tight junctions will result in the passage of macromolecules (present in food) and bacterial antigens through the digestive mucosa (“intestinal hyperpermeability”).
Factors that can increase zonulin synthesis are: genetic background, stress, gliadin (one of the molecules making up gluten).
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